Heat oil in a pot over medium-high heat. Add onion and ground beef. Cook, breaking the meat into small pieces, until browned, about 5 minutes. Cook and stir until liquid is evaporated, 3 to 5 minutes more. Add garlic, salt, black pepper, red pepper flakes (optional), paprika, Italian seasoning, and bay leaves.
Cook and stir until flavors come together, about 3 minutes. Pour in Chicken broth, diced tomatoes, and marinara sauce. Rinse out the jar with 1 cup of water and pour into the pot. Add soy sauce, stir, and bring soup to a simmer. Reduce heat to medium and simmer to let flavors intensify, about 30 minutes.
Increase heat to medium-high and bring soup to a simmer. Add macaroni; simmer, stirring occasionally, until just barely tender, about 12 minutes. Check for doneness after 10 minutes.
Remove goulash from heat. Discard bay leaves; stir in parsley and 1 1/2 cups of Cheddar cheese. Cover and let rest for 5-10 minutes. Taste and season as desired.